ABTA 2020-21 SUGGESTION: IONIC AND COVALENT BOND

 Ionic and Covalent Bonds:

ABTA 2020-21 Suggestion 

(ENGLISH TRANSLATION)

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(1) Short answer questions: (Question 2)

(a) Why is the term symbolic weight used instead of molecular weight in the case of sodium chloride?

Ans: Sodium chloride does not exist as individual molecules. It has ionic bonds, so it is appropriate to use symbolic weight instead of molecular weight in the case of sodium chloride.

(b) Write the difference between the two properties of naphthalene and sodium chloride.

Ans: 

Naphthalene	Sodium Chloride
It has Covalent Bond, so it has low melting point.	It has Ionic Bond, so it has high melting point.
It is soluble in organic solvent.	It is soluble in water.

(c) Why can't ionic bonds be called natural bonds?

Ans: Ionic Bonds are formed by outermost electrons transfer. This transfer generates electrostatic force alone, which causes the contradiction. So, we can not call ionic bonds real or natural bonds.

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(d) Why do electrostatic compounds conduct electricity in a dissolved or molten state?

Ans: To conduct electricity, we need ions. only ions can transfer electricity. Electrostatic compounds have ions, so they can conduct electricity.

(e) Why is the reaction rate of ionic compounds faster?

Ans: Ionic compounds breaks quickly into ions, where as covalent compounds doesnot have this property. So they take extra time to break. That is why, the reaction rate of ionic compounds faster.

(f) Write two differences between the bonding of covalent compounds and electrovalent compounds.

Ans: 

Covalent Bond	Electrovalent Bond
It has low melting point.	It has High melting point.
It is soluble in organic solvent.	It is soluble in water.

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(g) Why does He2 molecule not exist even though H2 molecule exist?

Ans: H2 is a covalent compound. It forms a compound as H alone is not stable, but in the case of He, It is alone stable as its octet is reached. So He2 doesnot exist even though H2 exist.

(h) Show the electron dot structure of MgCI2.

Ans: 

(i) Show Lewis dot structure of NH3 or CCI4 compounds.

Ans: 

(j) What type of bonds are present in MgCI2, NaF, CO2, H20?

Ans: MgCl2, NaF are having Electrovalent Bonds whereas CO2 and H2O have a covalent bond.

(k) The number of double bonds and the number of single bonds in the replica figure of the dash formation of ethylene compound is written.

Ans: 

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(2) Long answer questions: (Question 3)

(a) Atomic number of element 'E' is 20. What is the validity of the element? Show the formation of chloride compounds of the element by the formation of Lewis-dot.

Ans: Electronic Configuration for an element with atomic number 20 is 2,8,8,2. As the outermost number of electron is 2. So, the valency of the element is 2.

2^nd part:

Formation of chloride compounds of the element by the formation of Lewis-dot.

The element is Calcium and chloride of this element is CCl4. That we have already shown.

Click Here to see.

(b) Example of a polar and a polar solvent What is the electrical viability of calcium in a calcium chloride compound?

Ans: example of a polar solvent: H₂O

example of a non-polar solvent: CCl₄

electrical valency of calcium in a calcium chloride compound is 2 and that of Chlorine is 1.

(c) Give an example of a covalent compound with a single bond, double bond and tripe bond?

Ans: Single Bond: CH₄   Double Bond: H₂O  Triple Bond:  N₂

(d) How is the crystal of NaCl formed?

Ans: Image Source: chem.libretexts.org

(e) Although HCI is a covalent compound, its aqueous solution carries electricity - explained.

Ans: Although HCl is a covalent compound. Its aqueous solution carries electricity because of chlorine which is an electronegative element i.e. it accepts electrons given by Hydrogen in an aqueous solution. So, the aqueous solution gives H⁺ and Cl^-  ions, which can conduct electricity.

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